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{{Infobox_Company1 |
 company_name  = International Business Machines Corporation |
 company_logo  = [[Image:IBM_logo.png|150px|IBM logo]] |
 company_slogan = ''Big Blue'' |
 company_type  = [[Company_Type::Public|[[Public Company|Public]]]] ([[Exchange::NYSE|[[New York Stock Exchange|NYSE]]]]: [[Stock Symbol::IBM|[http://www.nyse.com/about/listed/lcddata.html?ticker=IBM IBM]]])|
 foundation   = [[Year_Started::1888|[[1888]]]], incorporated [[1911]] |
 founder = |
 location    = {{flagicon|US}} [[City::Armonk|[[Armonk]]]], [[State_Name::New York|[[New York]]]], [[Country_Name::United States|[[United States|USA]]]] |
 key_people   = [[Key_Person1::Samuel J. Palmisano|[[Directory:Samuel J. Palmisano|Samuel J. Palmisano]]]], [[Key_Person1_Title::Chairman & CEO]]<br> [[Key_Person2::Mark Loughridge|[[Directory:Mark Loughridge|Mark Loughridge]]]], [[Key_Person2_Title::SVP & CFO]]<br>[[Key_Person3::Dan Fortin|[[Directory:Dan Fortin|Dan Fortin]]]], [[Key_Person3_Title::President (Canada)]]<br>[[Directory:Frank Kern|Frank Kern]], President (Asia Pacific)<br>[[Directory:Nick Donofrio|Nick Donofrio]], EVP (Innovation & Technology)<br>[[Directory:Colleen Arnold|Colleen Arnold]], President IOT Northeast Europe<br>[[Directory:Dominique Cerutti|Dominique Cerutti]], President IOT Southwest Europe | 
 industry    = [[NAICS_Code1_Title::Computer and Periperal Equipment Manufacturing|[[Computer hardware]]]]<br>[[NAICS_Code2_Title::Software Publishers|[[Computer software]]]]<br>[[NAICS_Code3_Title::Scientific and Technical Consulting Services|[[Consultant|Consulting]]]]<br>[[NAICS_Code4_Title::Computer Systems Services|[[IT Service Management|IT Services]]]] |
 products    = [[Directory:IBM/Products|See complete products listing]] |
 revenue    = {{profit}}[[United States dollar|US$]][[Revenues::91100000000|91.1 billion]] (2005)<ref name="morningstar">{{cite web|url=http://quicktake.morningstar.com/Stock/Income10.asp?Country=USA&Symbol=IBM&stocktab=finance&pgid=qtqnnavfinstate |title=IBM Stock Report |accessdate=2006-06-27 |publisher=[[Morningstar, Inc.]]}}</ref> |
 operating_income = {{profit}}US$12.4 billion (2005)<ref name="morningstar"/><br/> (10.5% [[operating margin]]<ref name="reuters">{{cite web|url=http://www.investor.reuters.com/business/BusCompanyOverview.aspx?ticker=IBM&target=%2fbusiness%2fbuscompany%2fbuscompfake%2fbuscompoverview&cotype=1M |title=IBM: Company Overview |accessdate=2006-06-27 |publisher=[[Reuters]] }}</ref>)|
 net_income    = {{profit}}US$[[Net Income::7900000000|7.9 billion]] (2005)<ref name="morningstar"/><br> (9.3% [[profit margin]]<ref name="reuters"/>)|
 num_employees = [[Employees::329373|329,373]] (2005)<ref name="reuters"/> |
 parent = |
 subsid     = [[Has Subsidiary::Directory:ADSTAR|ADSTAR]]<br>[[Has Subsidiary::Directory:Informix|Informix]]<br/>[[Has Subsidiary::Directory:Iris Associates|Iris Associates]]<br/>[[Has Subsidiary::Directory:Lotus Software|Lotus Software]]<br>[[Has Subsidiary::Directory:Rational Software|Rational Software]]<br>[[Has Subsidiary::Directory:Sequent Computer Systems|Sequent Computer Systems]]<br>[[Has Subsidiary::Directory:Tivoli Systems|Tivoli Systems]] |
 owner = |
 contact = [[Legal_Name::International Business Machines Corporation]]<br>[[Address::1 Corporate Plaza, Suite 100]]<br>Armonk, [[State_Code::NY]]&nbsp; [[Country_Code::US]]&nbsp; [[Zip::10504]]-[[Plus4::1783]]<br>[[Phone::914.499.1900]]&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Fax::914.765.7382]]<br>[[Web::www.ibm.com|[http://www.ibm.com www.ibm.com]]]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Email::webmaster@ibm.com|[mailto:webmaster@ibm.com Mail]]]|
 reference = [[Year End]]: [[Year End::1231|12/31]]<br>[[DUNS]]: [[DUNS::95-123456]]<br>[[CIK]]: [[CIK Number::0000123356]]<br>[[NAICS]]:[[NAICS_Code1::33411]]&nbsp;[[NAICS_Code2::51121]]&nbsp;[[NAICS_Code3::54169]]&nbsp;[[NAICS_Code4::54151]]<br>[[Entity Type|Entity]]: [[Entity_Type::Corporation|[[Corporation]]]]|
 footnotes =
}}

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'''International Business Machines Corporation''' ('''IBM''', or '''Big Blue'''; {{nyse|IBM}}) is a [[multinational corporation|multinational]] [[computer]] [[technology]] [[corporation]] headquartered in [[Directory:Armonk, New York|Armonk]], [[Directory:New York|New York]], [[Directory:United States|USA]]. The company is one of the few information technology companies with a continuous history dating back to the 19th century; it was founded in [[1888]] and incorporated (as [[Computing Tabulating Recording Corporation (CTR)]]) on June 15, [[1911]], and listed on the New York Stock Exchange in 1916. IBM manufactures and sells [[computer hardware]], [[computer software|software]], infrastructure services, [[Internet hosting service|hosting services]], and [[consultant|consulting services]] in areas ranging from [[mainframe computer]]s to [[nanotechnology]]<ref>http://domino.research.ibm.com/comm/research.nsf/pages/r.nanotech.html</ref>. With almost 330,000 employees worldwide and revenues of [[United States dollar|US $]]91 billion<ref name="morningstar"/> annually (figures from 2005), IBM is the largest [[information technology]] company in the world, and holds more [[patent]]s than any other technology company.<ref name="patents">{{cite web| url=http://www.ibm.com/news/us/en/2006/01/2006_01_10.html| title=IBM maintains patent lead, moves to increase patent quality| date=[[2006-01-10]]|}}</ref>

Since 2001, services and consulting ([[Directory:IBM Global Services|IBM Global Services]]) revenues have been larger than those from manufacturing (Hardware).<ref>{{Cite book| url=ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/annualreport/2002/2002_ibm_ar_fr.pdf| title=2002 IBM annual report: Financial only| publisher=IBM| pages=64| format=pdf| accessdate=2006-07-23}}</ref> Significantly, IBM has also been steadily increasing its workforce in developing countries (notably, in [[Directory:IBM India|IBM India]]) and retrenching in the US and Europe.<ref name="offshoring">{{cite web|url=http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/06_23/b3987093.htm|title=Big Blue Shift| date = [[2006-06-05]]|accessdate=2006-08-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/06_23/b3987098.htm| title=IBM wakes up to India's skills|date=[[2006-06-05]]|accessdate=2006-08-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.financegates.com/news/business_news/2005-05-05/ibm_05052005.html|title=IBM cuts 13000 employees, mostly in Europe|accessdate=2006-06-25|date=[[2005-05-05]]}}</ref> [[Directory:Samuel J. Palmisano|Samuel J. Palmisano]] was elected [[Chief executive officer|CEO]] on January 29, [[2002]] after having led IBM's Global Services, and helping it to become a business with $100 billion in backlog in 2004.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.ibm.com/ibm/sjp/bio.html| title=Personal biography| date=March [[2006]]}}</ref> Palmisano replaced [[Directory:Louis V. Gerstner|Louis V. Gerstner]], who held the job from 1993 to 2002, taking over from John Akers, who left during a period of financial difficulty for the company.

IBM has engineers and consultants in over 170 countries and [[Directory:IBM Research|IBM Research]] has eight laboratories, all located in the Northern Hemisphere, with five of those locations outside of the United States.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.research.ibm.com/worldwide/| title= Worldwide IBM Research Locations| publisher=IBM| accessdate=2006-06-21}}</ref> IBM employees have earned five [[Nobel Prize]]s, four [[Turing Award]]s, five [[National Medal of Technology|National Medals of Technology]], and five [[National Medal of Science|National Medals of Science]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.research.ibm.com/about/awards.shtml |title= Awards & Achievements |accessdate=2006-07-01 |publisher=IBM}}</ref>

==History==
See [[History of IBM]].

==Projects==
===BlueEyes===
BlueEyes<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.almaden.ibm.com/cs/BlueEyes/index.html| title= IBM Almaden Research Center}}</ref> is the name of a human recognition venture initiated by IBM to allow people to interact with [[computer]]s in a more natural manner. The technology aims to enable devices to recognize and use natural input, such as facial expressions. The initial developments of this project include scroll [[computer mouse|mice]] and other input devices that sense the user's [[pulse]], monitor his or her facial expressions, and the movement of his or her eyelids.

===Eclipse===

Eclipse is a platform-independent [[software framework]] written in the [[Java programming language]]. Eclipse was originally a [[proprietary]] product developed by IBM as a successor of its [[VisualAge]] family of tools. As of [[2006]], Eclipse is managed by the [[Non-profit organization|non-profit]] [[Eclipse Foundation]] and the source code is released under the [[free software]], [[open source]] [[Eclipse Public License]].

===alphaWorks===
Free software available at [[alphaWorks]], IBM's source for emerging software technology: 
#Flexible Internet Evaluation Report Architecture: A highly flexible architecture for the design, display, and reporting of Internet surveys.
#History Flow Visualization Application: A tool for visualizing dynamic, evolving documents and the interactions of multiple collaborating authors. 
#IBM Performance Simulator for [[Linux]] on POWER: A tool that provides users of Linux on Power a set of performance models for IBM's POWER processors.
#Database File Archive And Restoration Management: An application for archiving and restoring hard disk files whose file references are stored in a database.
#Policy Management for Autonomic Computing: A policy-based autonomic management infrastructure that simplifies the automation of IT and business processes. (This is an [[ETTK]] technology.)
#FairUCE: A spam filter that stops spam by verifying sender identity instead of filtering content.
#Unstructured Information Management Architecture (UIMA) SDK: A Java SDK that supports the implementation, composition, and deployment of applications working with unstructured information.

===Extreme Blue===

Designed as a cross-disciplinary high-profile technology initiative, [http://ibm.com/extremeblue Extreme Blue] is designed to pair up experienced IBM engineers, talented interns, and business managers to develop high-value technology. Great emphasis is placed on emerging business needs and the technologies that can solve them. Sites are operated in [[San Jose, California]], [[Austin, Texas]], and [[Raleigh, North Carolina]], as well as outside the United States.

These projects tend to involve rapid-prototyping of high-profile software or hardware projects and business opportunities. Entry is competitive, both for interns and for IBM employees seeking career growth opportunities with a management focus.

===Gaming===
IBM develops processing chips for [[video game console|gaming consoles]]. The [[Xbox 360]] contains IBM's tri-core chipset [[Xenon (processor)|Xenon]]. At the request of [[Microsoft]], IBM was able to design the chip and ramp up to production volumes in less than 24 months (with co-production at [[Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing]] in Singapore.) Meanwhile, Sony's [[PlayStation 3]] will feature the [[Cell microprocessor|Cell]], a new chip designed by IBM, [[Toshiba]], and Sony in a joint venture. The Cell processor is already slated for use in other systems (Toshiba plans to use it on [[High-definition television|HDTVs]]), unlike the Xbox 360 chip, whose plans are owned by Microsoft. The [[Wii]] will (like its predecessor, the [[Nintendo GameCube|GameCube]]) feature an IBM chip (codenamed [[Broadway (microprocessor)|Broadway]]).

In May 2002, IBM and Butterfly.net, Inc. announced the Butterfly Grid, a commercial [[grid computing|grid]] for the online video gaming market. In March 2006, IBM announced separate agreements with Hoplon Infotainment, Online Game Services Incorporated (OGSI) and RenderRocket. The deals included on-demand (for Hoplon Infotainment and RenderRocket) and [[blade server]]s (for OGSI).

==Big Blue==
There are different theories as to where IBM's nickname Big Blue originates from. One theory is that blue comes from the color of the big, room-sized, mainframes that IBM installed in the 1950s and 1960s<ref name="Big Blue">{{cite book| url=http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN2880467500&id=5zAW7RntiD8C&pg=PA15&lpg=PA15&dq=big+blue+ibm&sig=WWlqsstQ56JS_7SF7vOWanVPuUU| title=Logos, Letterheads & Business Cards: Design for Profit | pages=15| id= ISBN 2-88046-750-0| year=2004| publisher=Rotovision}}</ref> and that the nickname was coined by business writers.<ref>{{cite book| url=http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0791467872&id=Da1bPYRyltMC&pg=PA228&lpg=PA228&dq=big+blue+ibm&sig=FPSSsYmtECcBzM24IS7B7E0mp5k| title=Postphenomenology: A Critical Companion to Ihde | pages=228| id=ISBN 0-7914-6787-2| year= 2006| publisher= State University of New York Press}}</ref> A second theory is the blue comes from the colour of IBM's logo,<ref>{{Cite book| pages= 55| title= The Essential Guide to Computing: The Story of Information Technology| url= http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0130194697&id=AwrQsOW5SsQC&pg=PA55&lpg=PA55&dq=big+blue+ibm&sig=IsUsDM2yvj0SFH4LDUoBcL6uXGE| publisher=Publisher: Prentice Hall PTR| id= ISBN 0-13-019469-7|}}</ref> and a third theory is that it comes from the fact that IBM executives wore blue suits.<ref name="Big Blue"/>

==Corporate culture==
IBM has often been described as having a sales-centric or a sales-oriented business culture. Indeed, it is arguable that its most important control device is the IBM Sales Plan. Traditionally, many of its executives and general managers would be chosen from its sales force. In addition, middle and top management would often be enlisted to give direct support to salesmen in the process of making sales to important customers. 

For most of the 20th century, a blue suit, white shirt, and a dark tie was the public uniform of IBM employees. But by the 1990s, IBM relaxed these codes; the dress and behavior of its employees does not differ appreciably from that of their counterparts in large technology companies.

In 2003, IBM embarked on an ambitious project to rewrite company values using its ''Jam'' technology&mdash;Intranet-based online discussions on key business issues for a limited time, involving more than 50,000 employees over 3 days in this case. Jam technology includes sophisticated text analysis software (eClassifier) to mine online comments for themes, and Jams have now been used six times internally at IBM. As a result of the 2003 Jam, the company values were updated to reflect three modern business, marketplace and employee views: "Dedication to every client's success", "Innovation that matters - for our company and for the world", "Trust and personal responsibility in all relationships."<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.ibm.com/ibm/sjp/04-27-2004.html| title=Speeches| author= Samuel J. Palmisano| publisher=IBM| date=[[2004-04-27]]}}</ref>

In 2004, another Jam was conducted in which more than 52,000 employees exchanged best practices for 72 hours. This event was focused on finding actionable ideas to support implementation of the values identified previously. A new post-Jam Ratings event was developed to allow IBMers to select key ideas that support the values. (For further information, see Harvard Business Review, December, 2004, interview with IBM Chairman Sam Palmisano.) The board of directors cited this Jam when awarding Palmisano a pay rise in the spring of 2005.

In 2006, Palmisano launched another jam, called [https://www.globalinnovationjam.com/InnovationJamPhaseTwo/login.jsp InnovationJam]. Its most innovative aspect was that members of IBM employees' families, together with employees from IBM's customers&mdash;i.e. most of the world's largest corporations&mdash;could join in and discuss future products. Thus in September 2006, the openness of IBM&mdash;through its use of executive blogs and its active encouragement for its staff to discuss in open forum the future direction of IBM products&mdash;formed a stark contrast with that of [[Hewlett-Packard|HP]], which had been caught using unethical methods to prevent executives from talking to the press.

IBM has, since March 1998 when it announced support for Linux, been influenced by the [[open source movement]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibm.com/news/1999/03/02.phtml |title=IBM launches biggest Linux lineup ever |date=[[1999-03-02]] |publisher=IBM |archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/19991110114228/http://www.ibm.com/news/1999/03/02.phtml |archivedate=1999-11-10}}</ref> The company invests billions of dollars in services and software based on [[Linux]] through the IBM Linux Technology Center, which includes over 300 [[Linux kernel]] developers.<ref>{{cite web| title=IBM invests in Brazil Linux Tech Center| url=http://lwn.net/Articles/185602/| date=[[2006-05-24]]| publisher=[[LWN.net]]| author=Farrah Hamid|}}</ref> IBM has also released code under different [[open-source license]]s, for example the platform-independent software framework Eclipse (worth circa $US40 million at the time of the donation)<ref>{{Cite web | url= http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-erick.html|title= Interview: The Eclipse code donation| date=[[2001-11-01]]| publisher= IBM}}</ref> and the [[Java (programming language)|Java]]-based [[relational database management system]] (RDBMS) [[Apache Derby]]. IBM's open source involvement has not been trouble-free, however; see ''[[SCO v. IBM]]''.

==Project Management Center of Excellence==
The mission of IBM Project Management Center of Excellence (PM COE) is to define and execute the steps that IBM needs to take to strengthen its project management capabilities. As IBM’s project management "development team" or "think tank" the PM COE combines external industry trends and directions with IBM business, organizational, and geographic requirements and insight. With this as a foundation, it develops deliverables such as project management policy, practices, methods, and tools.

Its mandatory for all IBM PMs on Project Management track (dimension) to go through either the accredition or IBM certification. Junior PMs ('''Associate PM''' and '''Advisory PM''') are accredited after self-assessment and authorization from their manager. Senior PMs ('''Senior PM''' and '''Executive PM''') have to go through an IBM certification process with stringent criteria. By validating professionals’ expertise and skills against consistent worldwide standards of excellence for the project management community, certification helps maintain customer confidence in the high quality of IBM professionals and it recognizes IBM professionals for their skills and experience.

Becoming certified is public recognition of achieving a significant career milestone and demonstrating expertise in the profession. '''Prior to applying for IBM certification''' the individual must have-
# successfully passed PMI exam (i.e. be a certified PMP)
# verifiable documentation and approval for mastery/expertise in a well-defined set of PM skills
# certain number of years of PM experience spanning at least 3 verifiable projects within the immediate 5 years with specific role, team size, budget and specialty requirements
# verifiable documentation and proof of at least one area of specialty
# demonstrated the use of IBM's Worldwide Project Management Method (WWPMM)
# completed extensive classroom and online education including passing the class-end exam

IBM PM Certification is a well-defined '''review and verification process''' with many intricate details. In it's most simplified form, it '''broadly involves'''-
# Candidate preparing a detailed package with proof of above requirements
# Package review, approval, and support by at least two levels of Senior Management
# Package review and re-verification by PM COE expert
# Personal interviews with the PM COE Certification board comprising of IBM Executives and selected Senior Managers 
# Candidates whose experience, skills, knowledge and education are deemed valid, verifiable and accurate, are certified by the board as either '''Certified Senior Project Manager (CSPM)''' or '''Certified Executive Project Manager (CEPM)'''.

IBM PM Certification is a significant achievement for any IBMer. It is a deliberately long process with multiple checkpoints designed to ensure the integrity, fairness and validity of the certification.

==Corporate affairs==
===Diversity and workforce issues===

IBM's efforts to promote workforce diversity and equal opportunity date back at least to [[World War I]], when the company hired disabled veterans. IBM was the only technology company ranked in ''[[Working Mother]]'' magazine's Top 10 for 2004, and one of two technology companies in 2005 (the other company being Hewlett-Packard).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.workingwoman.com/top10.html |title=100 best companies for working mothers 2004 |publisher= Working Mother Media, Inc. |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20041017073511/http://www.workingwoman.com/top10.html | archivedate = 2004-10-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.workingwoman.com/top10.html |title=100 best companies 2005 |publisher= Working Mother Media, Inc.| | accessdate = 2006-06-26}}</ref>

The company has traditionally resisted [[trade union|labor union]] organizing, although unions represent some IBM workers outside the United States. [http://www.allianceibm.org Alliance@IBM], part of the [[Communications Workers of America]], is trying to organize IBM in the U.S. with very little success.

In the 1990s, two major [[pension]] program changes, including a conversion to a cash balance plan, resulted in an employee [[class action]] lawsuit alleging [[age discrimination]]. IBM employees won the lawsuit and arrived at a partial settlement, although appeals are still underway.

Historically IBM has had a good reputation of long-term staff retention with few large scale layoffs. In more recent years there have been a number of broad sweeping cuts to the workforce as IBM attempts to adapt to changing market conditions and a declining profit base. After posting weaker than expected revenues in the first quarter of 2005, IBM eliminated 14,500 positions from its workforce, predominantly in Europe. On [[June 8]] [[2005]], IBM Canada Ltd. eliminated approximately 700 positions. IBM projects these as part of a strategy to 'rebalance' its portfolio of professional skills & businesses. [[IBM India]] and other IBM offices in [[China]], the [[Philippines]] and [[Costa Rica]] have been witnessing a recruitment boom and steady growth in number of employees.

On [[October 10]] [[2005]], IBM became the first major company in the world to formally commit to not using [[genetic testing|genetic information]] in its employment decisions. This came just a few months after IBM announced its support of the [[National Geographic Society]]'s [[The Genographic Project|Genographic Project]].

==== Gay rights ====
IBM provides employees' same-sex partners with benefits and provides an anti-discrimination clause. The Human Rights Campaign has consistently rated IBM a 100, the highest score, on its index of gay-friendliness since it began compiling its report on major companies in 2002.[http://www.hrc.org/Template.cfm?Section=Get_Informed2&CONTENTID=31668&TEMPLATE=/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm]

==Board of directors==
Current members of the [[board of directors]] of IBM are: [[Cathleen Black]], [[Ken Chenault]], [[Juergen Dormann]], [[Michael Eskew]], [[Shirley Ann Jackson]], [[Charles F. Knight]], [[Minoru Makihara]], [[Lucio Noto]], [[James W. Owens]] (effective 1 March 2006), [[Samuel J. Palmisano]], [[Joan Spero]], [[Sidney Taurel]], [[Charles Vest]], and [[Lorenzo Zambrano]].


== Definitions of '''IBM''' on the Web: ==


* International Business Machines Corporation, abbreviated IBM and nicknamed "Big Blue," , is a multinational computer technology and consulting ...
[http://www.google.com/url?sa=X&start=0&oi=define&q=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM&usg=AFQjCNHNrfpCymdtb8tBhmG8RrFvblxGmg <font color="#008000">en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM</font>]
* An international computer technology and consulting corporation headquartered in Armonk, New York, USA.
[http://www.google.com/url?sa=X&start=1&oi=define&q=http://www.restoringdata.ca/Glossary%2520I%2520to%2520L.html&usg=AFQjCNExZsvCaGqZPb6c4uWZ3ye_lDP7IQ <font color="#008000">www.restoringdata.ca/Glossary%20I%20to%20L.html</font>]
* IBM China/ Hong Kong Limited.
[http://www.google.com/url?sa=X&start=2&oi=define&q=http://www.ibm.com/legal/hk/en/&usg=AFQjCNEwnOa_ul_en5OiD3bCtx1wLwuEWA <font color="#008000">www.ibm.com/legal/hk/en/</font>]
* This does not stand for a once dominant but now rarely heard-of computer company, but for the Izu Bonin-Marianas Island arc in the Western Pacific.
[http://www.google.com/url?sa=X&start=3&oi=define&q=http://www.geokem.com/glossary.html&usg=AFQjCNHEMDSGxtR3-MalsLwmQd8KugQ70Q <font color="#008000">www.geokem.com/glossary.html</font>]
* (International Business Machines) in 1981 introduced the IBM Personal Computer which provided the spark for the home-computer revolution. Additionally, IBM provides customer solutions through the use of advanced information technology. ...
[http://www.google.com/url?sa=X&start=4&oi=define&q=http://www.computer-service.net/store/glossary.asp%3Fl%3DI&usg=AFQjCNEP5Dhuq0tvQwvXMCx3r6MD6WJNIA <font color="#008000">www.computer-service.net/store/glossary.asp</font>]
* (IAP-binding motif). A conserved tetrapeptide sequence that is found in caspases and in IAP-regulatory proteins (see Fig. 4). ...
[http://www.google.com/url?sa=X&start=5&oi=define&q=http://www.nature.com/nrm/journal/v3/n6/glossary/nrm830_glossary.html&usg=AFQjCNGoayQxvrvDjPCD9zzO04iwbdxDQA <font color="#008000">www.nature.com/nrm/journal/v3/n6/glossary/nrm830_glossary.html</font>]
* At Cravath, Boies assisted top litigator Thomas Barr in defending IBM in the 13-year antitrust cases brought by the Justice Department and many ...
[http://www.google.com/url?sa=X&start=6&oi=define&q=http://wikipedia.7val.de/wiki/David_Boies&usg=AFQjCNHERucqUmaNqZsfC8GVG-piUbQ1mw <font color="#008000">wikipedia.7val.de/wiki/David_Boies</font>]

==References and footnotes==
<div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;">
<references />
</div>
<div class="references-small">
*Gerstner, Jr., Louis V. (2002). ''Who Says Elephants Can't Dance?'' HarperCollins. ISBN 0-00-715448-8.
*{{cite book | last= Black| first= Edwin| title= IBM and the Holocaust: The Strategic Alliance Between Nazi Germany and America's Most Powerful Corporation| url= http://www.ibmandtheholocaust.com/| date=[[2001-02-12]] | publisher= Crown Publishing Group| location= New York| id= ISBN 0-609-60799-5| pages=528}}
</div>